Encrypting and decrypting data

I am seeing a lot of questions people are asking on how to do encryption/decryption. To help those people I have written a simple class encorporating several encryption/decryption functions:

• byte[] Encrypt(byte[] clearData, byte[] Key, byte[] IV) – encrypts a byte array with a key and an IV and returns a byte array;
• string Encrypt(string clearText, string Password) – encrypts a string with a password and returns a string;
• byte[] Encrypt(byte[] clearData, string Password) - encrypts a byte array with a password and returns a byte array;
• void Encrypt(string fileIn, string fileOut, string Password) – encrypts a file with a password and writes the encrypted bytes into another file.

For each of those there is also a corresponding Decrypt function. The Main method is a simple testing method that exercises some of those functions. The 2nd and the 3rd Encrypt functions call into the 1st function, so you will need to carry the 1st one around if you are using the 2nd or the 3rd. The last Encrypt function (the one that works with files) is standalone. I made it operate in a stream-like manner, without reading the whole file into memory, which makes it possible to encrypt/decrypt gigabytes of data without going out of memory space.

I am using Rijndael algorithm in this sample. The reason for this is that it is 100% implemented in managed code in our libraries, so it does not rely on CryptoAPI or any encryption packs and will work everywhere. If you need performance I would suggest replacing it with TripleDES (it is a one line change), and if you do, also do not forget to change the IV size to 8 bytes and the Key size to 16 bytes.

I have tried to document the code well, and I would like to encourage you to read through it and understand how it works, it should be pretty easy. You can also grab the whole thing, stick it into a .cs file and it should compile. If you run it you will see it make some test encryption/decryption roundtrip; you can also provide a file name as a parameter, and it will encrypt the file into a <name>.encrypted file and then decrypt it back into a <name>.decrypted.

Enjoy!

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